What defines a dual relationship in professional ethics?

• A. Clinician has one role
• B. Clinician has more than one role with a patient
• C. Clinician collaborates with other providers
• D. Clinician can date a client after 2 years

Answer: (B)

Dual relationships occur when a clinician has more than one role with the same patient. When the therapist is also, for example, a friend, business partner, or romantic partner, the boundaries between roles blur. This creates conflicts of interest and a power imbalance, making it harder to keep treatment focused on the patient’s best interests, maintain objectivity, and protect confidentiality. Because of these risks, keeping to a single professional role with a patient is essential. Collaborating with other providers is a normal part of care and does not by itself create a dual relationship. Romantic involvement with a current client is unethical because it exploits the therapeutic relationship and undermines trust, even if there is a time gap after treatment.